Radiator



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RADIATOR Filed Feb. 29, 1928 5 Sheets-Sheet 1 mun:

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RADIATOR Filed Feb. 29, 1928 s sums-sheet 2 1H "HIHIH Illll Zhmcmor W WMu [r W. W. MUIR Sept. 16, 1930.

RADIATOR Filed Feb. 29, 1928 5 Sheets-Sheet 3 l nventor Wy'fiu'r (.Ittorncg Sept. 16, 1930.

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Bummer W. W. MUlR Sept. 16, 1930.

RADIATOR Filed Feb. 29

Ihmcntor Patented Sept. 16, 1930 UNITED STATES PATENT orrlcr.

WELLINGTON W. MUIR, OF LOCKPORT, NEW YORK, ASSIGNOR TO HARRISON RADIATOR CORPORATION, OF LOCKPOR'I, NEW YORK, A CORPORATION OF NEW YORK RADIATOR Application filed February 29, 1928. Serial No. 258,029.

This invention relates to radiators and suspensions therefor, having for its object to provide a new and novel construction which will be less costly to manufacture and more eiiicient in use than those heretofore proposed.

With these and other objects in view the invention consists in the novel details of construction and combinations of parts as Will be more fully hereinafter disclosed and particularly pointed out in the claims.

Referring to the accompanying drawings forming a part of this specification in which like numerals designate like parts in all the views,-

Fig. 1 is an elevational view of the rear of a completely assembled and suspended radiator;

Fig. 2 is a horizontal sectional view of" some of the parts shown in Fig. 1 taken as on the line 22 of said figure and looking in the direction of the arrows;

Fig. 3 is an enlarged detail view illustrating the construction as employed in this invention;

Fig. 4 is a vertical sectional view taken as on the line 4-4 of Fig. 3 and looking in the direction of the arrows;

Fig. 4. is a partial detail view illustrating a modification of construction relative to the inlet and top tanks; v

Fig. 5 is an enlarged vertical sectional iew taken transversely of the radiator illustrating the top tank construction and top anchoring member;

Fig. 6 is an enlarged detail view of a portion of the radiator illustrating the construction employed with particular reference to the method of joining the top tank and one of the side tanks to the radiator core;

Fig. 7 is a top plan view of the parts shown in Fig. 6 to further illustrate the method of joining the top tank to the radiator core;

Fig. 8 is a erspective view of the top tank before it is applied to therest of the radiator assembly;

Fig. 9 is a perspective view of a modified form of the top tank before it is applied to.the rest of the radiator assembly;

Fig. 10 is a longitudinal sectional view of Fig. 8 and looking in the direction of thearrows;

Fig. 12 is a transverse sectional view of the modified form of top tank illustrated in Fig. 9 and taken as on the line 1212 thereof, looking in the direction of the arrows;

Fig. 13 is a perspective view of the side tank 6 before it is applied to the rest of the radiator assembly;

Fig. 14 is a perspective View of a modified form of the side tank 6 before it is applied to the rest of the radiator assembly;

Fig. 15 is a transverse sectional view of the side tank 6 taken as on the line 15-15 of Fig. 13 and looking in the direction of the arrows;

Fig. 16 is a partial sectional view of the side tank 6 taken as on the line 16'16 of Fig. 13 and looking in the direction of the arrows;

Fig. 17 is a perspective detail view with a portion broken away illustrating the joint between the tanks 5 and 6;

Fig. 18 is a vertical sectional view through the joint disclosed in Fig. 17

Fig. 19 is a fragmentary view partly in section illustrating the joint between the core of the radiator and the bottom of the side tank 6;

Fig. 20 is a horizontal sectional view of the parts shown in Fig. 19 and taken as on the line 2020 thereof looking in the direction of the arrows; and

Fig. 21 is a horizontal sectional view of the bottom flange of the tank 6 taken as on the line 21--21 of Fig. 19 and looking in the direction of the arrows.

In order that this invention may be the better understood it is said that in heretofore known types of radiator construction, assembling, and securement to the automobile, the use of solder has been resorted to, but due to the honey-comb construction of the radiator core, the use of said solder has often been detrimental, in that it has 010 ged or otherwise closed some of the ends 0 the assages for the cooling fluid which the raator is adapted to receive. Also, with the honey-comb type of core, it has been extremely diflicult to make a soldered oint which would be leak-proof- Lastly, heretofore known types of radiators have been attached to the automobile in such' manner that the vibrations from the engine, and jolts transmitted through the car parts by inequalities in road surfaces, have been so severe as to cause the radiator to leak when seams and joints thereof have been loosened 'by said vibrations. In fact some radiators have been so attached to the automobile that they are a rigid part of the machine, with the result that when the machine has been subjected for a while to road travel, the radiator has become warped and otherwlse distorted in shape so that leaks will occur.

It is the'purposeof this invention to provide a radiator construction which will withstand the vibrations and jolts to which an automobile is subjected and to sosupport the radiator that it will not be substantially affected by said vibrations and jolts.

The radiator core 1 comprises the well known honey-comb construction by which a lar e percentage of air is permitted .to

asst rou h as the machine moves. In said oney-com which is made up of a great plurality of very thin brass sheets 2, there are provided a plurality of horizontal, spaced, fluid-conducting passages 3 which are formed by the assembling of the brass sheets, although said passages may comprise ,separate conduits if desired. The main purpose of this construction .isto provide a lar which is accomplished by the sheets 2 constituting radiatmg fins with respect to the fluid conducting passages 3.

Surrounding the core 1 "on three sides thereof are tanks, the top tank 5 being in 0 side tank 6 which extends to the bottom of the core. The other-side tank 7 likewise extends from the top to the bottom of the core, but does not communicate in any way with the to tank 5. Near the bottom of the side tan 6 is disposed an outlet -8, and

substantially half-way up the other side tank 7 there is dis osed an inlet 9 whereby the through V cooling fluid cm the engine may enter the side tank 7, pass through the conduits 3 and leave the opposite side tank 6 through the outlet 8, a suitable pump or other means being provided for positively circulating the cooling fluid, all as will bereadily under stood. In other words, the cooled fluid from the radiator tank 6 will be drawn the outlet 8 .thrqugh a suitable conduit the action of a pump and forced through another conduit to the engine jacket amount of heat radiating surface n communication at one end with the where said fluid will absorb the heat from the cylinders of the engine. The heated fluid will then be forced by the circulatory means through a suitable conduit to the inlet 9 a second cook 13 is provided at the lowermost portion of the side tank 7 bymeans of which the radiator may be drained of liquid should occasion demand. A vent pipe 14, open at its bottom, is in opencommunica tion with the upper tank 5 to prevent undue pressure and air from accumulating in the system, and a suitable cover for the filler neck 10, not shown, is provided as usual.

From the foregoing it will thus be seen that with the system filled with liquid to the level of the cock 12 and the automobile in-operation, the liquid will be heatedand forced to circulate from the jacket to the radiator, and from the radiator back to the jacket. As the heated liquid passesthrough the core 1 of the radiator it will be cooled by the passage of air through the honey-comb construction before it is returned to the engine jacket. Should the temperature of said liquid be raised to adegree at which vapors will be evolved there from, the vapors as well as the liquid will pass from the engine jacket into the side tank above the level of the liquid therein.

Since the side tank-7 is closed at its upper end, said vapors will escape therefrom by entering the cooling conduits 3 in which they I will be condensed, the condensate flowing into either tank 6 or tank 7 to join the circulating liquid of the system.

-The radiator is made of suflicient size to take care of a large evolution of vapor and hence it is only under extreme conditions that said vapors will not be condensed by the time they reach the side tank 6. v If, however, vapors doreach said tank they will rise and enter the top tank 5 where they may be condensedby the substantially large surface contact with the walls'of said tank. If this is not sufliclent to condense the vapors, then the vapors will pass from the system out through the vent 14, in which case they will be lost from the system to the atmosphere.

It has been found from tests that heretofore known radiators are subjected to the greatest strains at the uppermost portion thereof, smce said ortion is farthest away from the chassis of t e automobile which constituted their support. Therefore the joint between the upper tank and the core has been givenspecial consideration, with the result that the joint now to be disclosed has been found more efiicient than .prior constructions. The upper tank 5 comprises a top wall 20, provided with a suitable aperture in registry with the filler neck 10, and parallel side walls 21 and 22 braced as by a member 23. The lowermost edge of each side wall is outwardly flared as indicated at 24 and crimped as indicated at 25, see Figs. 5 and 6. The crimping 25 is of the same contour and dimensions as the formation of the honey-comb sheets 2 of the core. In other words, the honey-comb of this particular radiator is formed with hexagonal air passa es as shown, and the crimping 25 is made 0 a degree to exactly fit the upper portions of the closed hexagons of said core. In Fig. 6 the dot and dash lines 26 indicate the outwardly flared bottom edge of a side wall of the upper tank of the usual type of construction, for the purpose of illustrating the necessity,

a heretofore, of a large amount of solder to fill the triangular spaces 27 between the closed hexagons of the core and said outwardly flared edge 26. It often resulted, when assembling a heretofore known type of radiator, that said triangular spaces 27 were not filled with'solder and therefore the upper tank was only secured to the honey-combcore at the points where the outwardly flared edge 26 contacted with the species of the hexagons thus resulting in a very insecure joint. B

the construction here employed the outwar ly flared and crimped edge presents a greater contact surface between the wall of the upper tank and the honey-comb core construction, and therefore an infinitely stronger joint will result. The strains and vibrations trans,

mitted to a joint as made by this invention will be transmitted to and absorbed by the relatively thin sheet material 2 out of which the core is manufactured, and because said material is paper-thin, there will be a cushioning or spring-like absorption of said vi- -bration.

The means for supporting the radiator in place on the automobile will now be disclosed. 30 represents the front structural member of the chassis to which is secured, as by the bolts 31, a U-shaped frame member 32 having reinforcing ribs 33 therein. The uprights of this member 32' have riveted or otherwise secured thereto as at 34 the outer ornamental shell 35 which covers the radiator proper. Thus it will be seen that the ornamental shell is directly secured to the chassis, but slight give or play is permitted due to the angular corners 36 of the U-frame 32. In other words, the ornametal shell is not rigidly secured to the chassis but is indirectly secured thereto through the U-frame so that strains will be partially absorbed by said U-frame side member being rigidly connected by a bridge 43 the edges of which are u turned as indicated at 45 to provide a troug -like construction into which the radiator closely fits, the whole producing a sling for said radiator. Each side member is preferably formed with angularly extending portions each crimped or recessed as indicated at 51 and each recess apertured to receive bolts 53 by means of uihich the ornamental shell 35 is secured to the s 1n Ti additionally anchor the radiator to the ornamental shell there is provided a top member apertured to fit the filler necklO, and curved to fit the surface of the top wall 20 of the upper tank 5. This member 60 is likewise soldered, spot-welded or otherwise secured to said tank and provided with strengthening ribs 47, and extensions 50 havingrecesses 51, all similar to the corresponding parts of the members of the sling. In other words the member 60 is adapted to be secured by the bolts 53 to the ornamental shell 35, the members 50 being angularly bent as were the extensions 50 of the sling to hold the radiator in spaced relation with respect to the sides of the shell 35. It has been found unnecessary in certain instances to provide this member 60 since the side members such as 41 of the sling are adequate for securin the radiator within the shell. The size an weight of the radiator core and tank will control the necessity of this additional anchor member 60.

In Fig. 8 is disclosed a perspective view looking upward of a top tank 5 which is a modification of the top tank illustrated in Fig. 1, only differing therefrom in the front wall 22 thereof which is provided with one or more vertically dis osed depressions constituting reinforcing ri s to prevent the top tank from collapse during the assembly of the entire radiator. Such a depression is shown at as extending from the top wall 20 of the tank to a point short of the outwardly extending flange 24 at the bottom, the lowermost extremity of said depression being of substantially circular formation whereby the relatively thin material of the tank will not be piercingly damaged in the pressing formation. Fig. 11 more clearly shows the extent of the depression 70. The same bracing member 23 may be employed within the tank 5 to additionally support the walls 21 and 22 in spaced relation.

It has been found, due to the extreme thinnessof the sheet material from which the tank is made, that said tank is apt to spread when it is assembled under pressure in an encircling frame together with the other component parts of the radiator preparatory to soldering said'parts together. To thwart this spreading there is provided a holding clip 71 the main body portion of which is angularly formed not only to fit the flutings clip are bent upwardly, over, and securely clamped by pressure to,,the crimped edge 24 of the tank so that the clip is abpart of the tank. when inserted in the assem ing frame along with the other component parts of the radiator." The clip 71 is of thin sheet material and therefore it occupies but little space between the top tank and the top series of hexagonal core formation. There 1s, however, suflicient strength in said clip due to the angularly formed main body portion thereof to serve the purpose for which it is intended namely, to prevent the spreading of the side walls 21 and 22 of the top tank when compression is applied-to the aforesaid assembling frame. I

It is to be noted that one end of the top tank has a lateral flange or extension 73 which is adapted to fit the hexagonal configuration of the top course of the radiator core, and to meet the edge of the upper wall of the side tank 7 as clearly shown in Figs.

6, 8 and 9. In other words, the toptank is extended by tank, the side tank 7, and the radiator core. From Fig. 6 it will be evident that this construction constitutes an improvement over heretofore known constructions in that the joint 74 between these three members is disposed a'substantial distance from the vertical wall of the top tank, thus enabling the ready insertion and utilization of a soldering iron with which the joint may not only be.

formed but repaired if and when necessary.

- Fig. 9 discloses a modified form of top tank which, besides'the vertical stren thening indentions above described, is urther provided with horizontally disposed strengthen ing ribs 75 disposed in the side walls'of the tank in close proximity to the lowermost crimped edge. These horizontal ribs 75 are pressed into the material of the side tank during its formation and are arcuate in cross section as clearly shown in Fig. 12. The horizontal rib in the wall in which is also formed the vertical ribs 70, may of necessity The length of the vertical rib 70 will dieterthis flange to permit a more substantial Joint being made between the top viding the horizontally disposed ribs it has been discovered that the separating bar-23 as well as the holding clips 71 may be dispensed' with, as sufficient stiffening is provided by said horizontal ribs to prevent the spreading of the side walls. in .Fig. 9 is a slit or opening made in the rear side wall of the upper tank into and through which ,the upper end of'the vent pipe 14 is fitted and soldered, the material of said wall being flexed in opposite directions to either side of the slit 80, and curved to fit the configuration of said vent pipe.

Coming now to Fig. 13 there is disclosed in perspective view the side tank 6 located on the outlet side of the radiator. It is made from a sheet of relatively thin material pressed into shape to form the main outer wall which is curved to also provide the bottom wall 86, and two opposed side walls 87 and 88 each provided with an outwardly extending flange 89 as will be clear from the drawings. Openings .90 and 91 in the side walls are'provided for receiving the outlet fitting 8 shown in Fig. 1. The main outer wall 85 is provided with indentions such as 92 and 93 at'the upper and lower portions thereof each of which constitutes a strengthening rib, said indentions extending lengthwise ofthe tank. The extreme upper portion of the tank 6 is pressed out of the. plane of the main body portion thereof as indicated at 95 to fit the contour'of'the radiator core as will be clear from Figs. 1 and 13 and the extreme upper end of this obliquely formed end 95 is shouldered as at.96 to receive in overlapping engagement one end ofthe top tank 5 in a manner presently to be described. To prevent the spreading of the side walls 87 and 88 under pressure received from the assembling frame,'the' tank 6 is provided with a plurality of spaced holding clips each providedwith a strengthening rib 101 the ends of each clip being turned over and around the flanges 89 of said tank. In order larged portion of the radiator core at the bottom of the radiator.

In Fig. 14 isshown a modified form of the outlet side tank 6 in which the same numerals have been used to designate parts similar to the parts shown in Fig. 13. The chief diiference between these two tanks lies III in the omission of the holding clips 100 and the substitution therefor of transversely formed indented strengthening ribs at spaced intervals. In other words, it has been found that the indented strengthening ribs 110 shown in Fig. 14 stiffen the walls of the tank sufliciently to withstand the pressure placed upon the side tank by the assembling frame when the component parts of the radiator are assembled preparatory to being soldered together.

Coming now to Figs. 17 and 18 there is disclosed the joint formed between the top tank 5 and the outlet side tank 6. From these figures it will readily be seen that the formation of the shoulder 96 at the top of the side tank provides an upwardlyextending flange po'rtion 112 of a dimension and adapted to fit within the side walls of the top tank 5 at one end thereof, the extreme edge portion of the top tank coming to rest on the shoulder 96. By this construction there is provided a limiting stop of compressional movement between the top and side tanks and there is also provided a substantial surface contact between the ends of these two tanks for receiving the solder with which the tanks are usually secured together.

In Figs. 19, 20 and 21 is shown the joint between the bottom of the side tank 6 and the lowermost portion of the radiator core 1. The radiator core is made by the assembly of a plurality of strips of very thin sheet metal which are so crimped, indented. andfolded that, when they are assembled with intervening spacer strips, there are produced a plurality of horizontal passages 3 extending from the side tank 6 to the tank on the opposite side of the radiator. In Fig. 20 there are shown some of the indentions, indicated at 140, and ridges 141 which are press rolled into the said thin strip metal, which coact with corresponding indentions and ridges so that, when solder is applied to the crimped edge portions of the strips, there will be provided a space for the liquid to travel from one side of the radiator to the other by virtue of the depressions or indentions 140. In forming this core, which is not the subject matter of this invention, these preformed strips are doubled back upon themselves in spaced relation so that there is caused a fold at the side of the completed core which includes a vertically disposed portion indicated by the dotted line 142 joining the Xarallelly disposed portions of the strips. s before stated, these strips are preformed with ridges and indentions and therefore when such a fold is made it will be evident that the in- I dented portion of a strip will extend out of the plane of the side extremity of the core 1. Such is the fact and an attempt has been made to show this as at 142. It isthis extending and indented portion of the strip, forming part of the fold, which necessitates the recess 103 in the bottom flange 102 of the side tank 6 so that the side tank and core can be properly soldered with atightly fitting ]0111t.

Under some conditions it may be found advisable to provide a pipe 150 of small dimensions connecting the top of the inlet tank 7 with one end of the top tank 5 as shown in Figure 4 to stabilize or equalize the pressure on both the hot and cold sides of the radiator core 1 when the engine is stopped suddenly under heavy load to prevent undue loss of water from the s stem due to what is known as water shi ordisplacement through the overflow pipel From the foregoin it will thus be seen that by this construction there is provided a radiator comprising a central core formed of a plurality of horizontally extending tubes having in thermal association therewith means to disseminate heat, said core extending to the bottom of the radiator. In combination with this core there is a tank disposed along one vertical side and in open communication with said tubes, said tank having an inlet in the side thereof through which the cooling fluid may enter,'and said inlet having associated therewith means comprising the cock 12 for limiting the level of the liquid in the radiator. There is also provided a second tank disposed along the opposite vertical side of the core likewise 1n open communication with said tubes and provided with an outlet in its side through which the cooling fluid may be returned to the engine. Above the core and extending along the top side thereof and overlying at one end to be in open communication with the last mentioned tank, there is a third tank which, however, does not communicate with the first mentioned tank through which the coolingfluid enters the radiator. Lastly there is provided a U-shaped sling for indirectly supporting the radiator on the automobile through the instrumentality of an encompassing member, such as the ornamental shell for the radiator, in turn secured to the side tanks by yieldable extensions of said sling. The radiator is thus seen to be supported only from the side tanks by the frame of the automobile.

It is to be particularly noted that the tank 7 by having its inlet 9 at a point substantially halfway down thereof, is provided with an entirely closed upper end so that the liquid and vapors entering said tank will create pressure in the upper portion thereof which, in combination with the means such as the pump employed for circulating the cooling fluid, will compel said liquid and vapors to pass through the tubes 3 before they may leaves the radiator. The liquid of course will leave the radiator through the outlet 8 in the other side tank 6, and the va ors Wlll either be condensed in the tubes 3, w ereupon the circuit, or else said vapors will be partial- 1y condensed in said tubes and in the to tank 5, or else some of the vapors will be con ensed in the tubes and top tank and the remaining uncondensed vapors will, under extreme conditions, be lost from the system through the I vent 14 to the atmosphere. It should further be observed that the inlet tank 7 is disposed to one side of the top tank 5 and independently closed with respect thereto. In other words, there is no dlrect communication between the tanks 5 and 7, whereby the vapors will be compelled to pass through the tubes 3 and the upper portion of the other side tank 6 to reach the top tank 5, the tanks 5 and 6 being in direct open communication. The tanks 5 and 7 are so constructed that there is created a common joint, between the same and the core 1, which is spaced from a wall of the top tank and substantially in the plane of the top of the side tank 7, which permits of the free and read application of a soldering iron to secure sai j omt.

Another important feature of this invention is the relatively large joint made possible between the top tank 5 and the upper surface of the core 1. In other words, the edge portion of the upper surface of said core is provided with serrations and the lower edge portion of the tank 5 is crimped to fit said serrations so that when the tank and the core are assembled and soldered, there will be a thin strong soldered joint of appreciable extent between the top tank and the core. Such a joint may have an added strength of as much as 50% with respect to a' joint between the core and a straight bottom edge portion of the upper tank, according to the pitch or angularity of the serrations of said core.

Lastly, it is to be observed that all of the tanks are made from very thin flat sheet metal by a stamping process whereby each tank has one open sidewith edge portions adapted through said stamping operation to fit the contour of the heat disseminatm core of the radiator to which the tank is to e at tached. Each tank is further provided with reinforcements either comprisin the holding clips or with impressions or in entions constituting ribs in a wall of the tank.. By so constructing the tanks, there is avoided the usual solderin joints between adjacent meeting walls whic may not be properly soldered or which may become unsoldered at points under pressure of the cooling fluid used in the cooling system of the automobile. Stated in still other words, it is a common experience to have leaks occur in the radiator tanks due to the fact that under extreme operating con 'ditions such a pressure has been generated in the tanks as to cause the solder at a joint to give away and thus provide an exit for the coo ing fluld which in time will bleed the system of said fluid and maybe cause serious damage to the motor.

may vary the details of construction as well as arrangements of parts without departing from the spirit of the invention, and it is therefor not desired to be limited to the above disclosure except as is required by the claims.

What is claimed is 1. A radiator for an automobile engine comprising a central core formed of a plurality of fluid conducting passages adapted to disseminate heat, said core having a serrated edge extremity atank disposed along one side of said core and in open communication with said passages; an inlet in said tank through whic the cooling fluid from the engine may enter said radiator; a second tank disposed along the side of said core opposite said first named tank, said second tank likewise in open communication with said passa es; an outlet in said second tank through w ich the cooling fluid may be returned to the engine; and

a third tank disposed along an intermediate side of said core constituting a chamber adapted to simultaneously relieve the presextending across the top of said core, the edge portions of said tank being crimped to fit the serrations of said core whereby an increased and stronger joint is produced therebetween; and a air of tanks extending along the sides of an secured to said core in open communication with said tubes, one of said tanks in.

It is obvious that those skilled in the art further open commumcation with said top tank and the other side tank independently closed with respect to said top tank.

3. A radiator for internal combustion engines provided with a. central core including a plurality of substantiall horizontally extending tubes, said core aving a serrated upper edgeextremity; a tank secured to and extending across the to of said core, one of the walls of said tank eing the top of said core, the edge portions of said tank being outwardly flared and crim ed to fit the serrations of said core where y an increased and stronger joint is produced therebetween; and a pair of tanks extending along the sides of and secured to said core in open communication with said tubes, one of said tanks in further open communication with and dis posed beneath said top tank and the other side tank inde endent y closed with respect to said top ta a pluralityof substantially horizontally extending tubes, said core having a serrated upper edge extremity; a tank secured to and extending across the top of said core, the edge portions of said tank being crimped to fit the serrations of said core whereby an increased and stronger joint is produced therebetween; and a pair of tanks extending along the sides of and secured to said core in open communication with said tubes, one of said tanks in further open communication with and disposed beneath said top tank and the other side tank disposed to one side of and independently closed with respect to said top tank.

5. In a radiator assembly the combination of a core; a tank disposed along one vertical side of said core; a tank disposed along th" top of said core said tank having for one of its walls the upper surface of said core and another of said walls being extended to provide a flange; and a joint formed commonly to said core and tanks the same spaced by said flange from a wall of said top tank.

6. In a radiator assembly comprising a tank secured along one vertical side of a core and another tank secured along the top 0 said core, a joint formed between said tanks to provide open communication therebetween, said joint including ,a shouldered portion for ositioning said tanks and a flanged portion or increasing the strength of said oint.

In testimon whereof I aflix m LLINGTON 

